منابع مشابه
Staged Separations ∗
The equations and the component-specific parameters needed for these detailed models are contained in specialized programs such as Aspen. However, for preliminary work it may be sufficient, and more convenient, to employ more simplified methods. If pressures are low, we may approximate φi ≈ 1 and f 0 i ≈ P sat i (T), where P sat i (T) is the vapor pressure of pure component i. Further, if the c...
متن کاملDifficult separations
• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version ...
متن کاملChiral separations.
REVIEWS This review covers developments and applications in chiral separations from January 2000 to March 2002. This review is not intended to be a comprehensive review of all papers published, but focuses on major developments in the field of chiral separations as well as representative applications. The review is restricted to the English language literature except as noted for several specif...
متن کاملNonrelativizing Separations
We show that MAEXP, the exponential time version of the Merlin-Arthur class, does not have polynomial size circuits. This significantly improves the previous known result due to Kannan since we furthermore show that our result does not relativize. This is the first separation result in complexity theory that does not relativize. As a corollary to our separation result we also obtain that PEXP, ...
متن کاملTypes of centrifugal separations
One way of improving the resolution of particles by size is to minimize the difference in RCF between the top and bottom of the sample. Practically this is achieved by layering the sample as a narrow band over a continuous density gradient. This is called rate-zonal gradient (sedimentation velocity) centrifugation; the conditions are chosen such that ρρ always remains greater than ρl. In a cont...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Scientific American
سال: 1883
ISSN: 0036-8733
DOI: 10.1038/scientificamerican09151883-6417bsupp